The National Television System Committee 525-line color-television standard used in North America and Japan. Approximately 480 lines hold image information and the remaining lines contain synchronization, time delay, and other encoded information such as closed caption text. The standard frame rate is 30 frames per second.
Phase Alternate Line, the European 625-line, 25-frame per second color-television standard. A modification of NTSC system used with the CCIR video norm. The phase of the color carrier is 180° shifted every image line, making the PAL system not as sensitive to color signal phase distortion. It provides somewhat lower vertical resolution the NTSC system and requires complex processing equipment.
SEquential Color And Memory, translated from the French SEquential Couleur Aver Memoire. SECAM is a composite color transmission system in which two color difference signals are transmitted on two separate lines. Memory is required to obtain both color difference signals for color decoding. This system is used in France and many East European, African and Asian countries.
RS170 is the standard black and white video format used in the United States (525 lines, 30 frames per second). It was originally defined by the EIA (Electronic Industry Association) standards organization for use in North America, Japan, and a few other parts of the world. The EIA standard defines only the monochrome picture component but is mainly used with NTSC or PAL color encoding standards.
A standard recommended by EIA for signals generated by closed-circuit TV cameras scanned at 525 lines, 60 frames per second and interlaced 2:1. The standard is similar to RS170, but H-sync pulses are absent during V-sync. Equalizing pulses are not required and may be added optionally during the V-blanking interval. This standard is also used for color television station electrical signals.
CCIR (Comité Consultatif International des Radio Communications, or International Radio Consultative Committee) is an international committee that sets and governs video signal standards. Merged with the ITU and became the ITU-R radio communications division.
High Definition is a digital video image having at least two times the resolution of standard NTSC or PAL video. The HDTV aspect ratio is 16:9. (Analog TV has a ratio of 4:3.) The FCC is close to establishing a broadcast standard for HDTV. The SMPTE has proposed a high-definition television production standard consisting of 1125 lines, 2:1 interlace, 60 Hz field (30 fps), a 16:9 aspect ratio and 30 MHz RGB and luminance bandwidth.
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A type of component video output in which red, green, and blue image components are transmitted as separate signals over three separate wires, allowing for full bandwidth for each component. Different synchronization methods are available for RGB.
S-Video or Y/C output contains two separate signals, luminance (Y) and color (C) transmitted on two separate cables. The C color component is modulated on the same 3.58 MHz subcarrier as it would be for NTSC output, but the bandwidth is not limited as it must be for Composite Output.
Composite output format contains the red, green and blue components of the color (C) encoded or compressed, then superimposed on the luminance (Y) on a single signal. The RGB signals are decoded and reconstructed for image display, but the bandwidth limiting of the signal compression limits the subsequent color faithfulness.
Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a digital interface standard created by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG) to convert analog signals into digital signals to accommodate both analog and digital monitors.
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Horizontal scan rate is the length of time an electron gun takes to move across one line (horizontal) of the screen. It is measured as the frequency at which horizontal sync pulses start the horizontal retrace for each line. A high frequency is needed for a non-interlaced scan. The horizontal sync frequency for NTSC is 15.75 KHz.
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Vertical scan rate is the length of time an electron gun takes to repeat one entire screen (vertical). It is measured as the frequency of the vertical sync pulses or vertical scans. NTSC vertical scan frequency is 59.9 Hz.
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The National Television System Committee's (NTSC) 525-line color-television standard used in North America and Japan. Approximately 480 lines hold image information and the remaining lines contain synchronization, time delay, and other encoded information such as closed caption text. The standard frame rate is 30 frames per second.
Phase Alternate Line (PAL), the European 625-line, 25-frame per second color-television standard. A modification of NTSC system used with the CCIR video norm. The phase of the color carrier is 180° shifted every image line, making the PAL system not as sensitive to color signal phase distortion. It provides somewhat lower vertical resolution the NTSC system and requires complex processing equipment.
SEquential Color And Memory (SECAM), translated from the French SEquential Couleur Aver Memoire. SECAM is a composite color transmission system in which two color difference signals are transmitted on two separate lines. Memory is required to obtain both color difference signals for color decoding. This system is used in France and many East European, African and Asian countries.
RS170 is the standard black and white video format used in the United States (525 lines, 30 frames per second). It was originally defined by the EIA (Electronic Industry Association) standards organization for use in North America, Japan, and a few other parts of the world. The EIA standard defines only the monochrome picture component but is mainly used with NTSC or PAL color encoding standards.
A standard recommended by EIA for signals generated by closed-circuit TV cameras scanned at 525 lines, 60 frames per second and interlaced 2:1. The standard is similar to RS170, but H-sync pulses are absent during V-sync. Equalizing pulses are not required and may be added optionally during the V-blanking interval. This standard is also used for color television station electrical signals.
Comité Consultatif International des Radio Communication (CCIR), or International Radio Consultative Committee is an international committee that sets and governs video signal standards. Merged with the ITU and became the ITU-R radio communications division.
High Definition Television (HDTV) is a digital video image having at least two times the resolution of standard NTSC or PAL video. The HDTV aspect ratio is 16:9. (Analog TV has a ratio of 4:3.) The FCC is close to establishing a broadcast standard for HDTV. The SMPTE has proposed a high-definition television production standard consisting of 1125 lines, 2:1 interlace, 60 Hz field (30 fps), a 16:9 aspect ratio and 30 MHz RGB and luminance bandwidth.
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A type of component video output in which red, green, and blue (RGB) image components are transmitted as separate signals over three separate wires, allowing for full bandwidth for each component. Different synchronization methods are available for RGB.
S-Video or Y/C output contains two separate signals, luminance (Y) and color (C) transmitted on two separate cables. The C color component is modulated on the same 3.58 MHz subcarrier as it would be for NTSC output, but the bandwidth is not limited as it must be for Composite Output.
Composite output format contains the red, green and blue components of the color (C) encoded or compressed, then superimposed on the luminance (Y) on a single signal. The RGB signals are decoded and reconstructed for image display, but the bandwidth limiting of the signal compression limits the subsequent color faithfulness.
Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a digital interface standard created by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG) to convert analog signals into digital signals to accommodate both analog and digital monitors.
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Video Graphics Array (VGA) is a PC video display circuit and adapter that support text and graphics. Text is supported at a maximum resolution of 80x25 characters in 16 colors. Graphics are supported at a maximum resolution of 320x200 pixels in 256 colors, or 640x480 pixels in 16 colors.
Super Video Graphics Array (SVGA) is a set of graphics standards designed to offer greater resolution than VGA. There are several varieties of SVGA, each providing a different resolution. All SVGA standards support a palette of 16 million colors, but the number of colors that can be displayed simultaneously is limited by the amount of video memory installed in a system. One SVGA system might display only 256 simultaneous colors while another displays the entire palette of 16 million colors. A consortium of monitor and graphics manufacturers called VESA develops the SVGA standards.
Extended Graphics Array (XGA) is a high-resolution graphics standard introduced by IBM in 1990. XGA was designed to replace the older 8514/A video standard. It provides the same resolutions (640 by 480 or 1024 by 768 pixels), but supports more simultaneous colors (65 thousand compared to 8514/A's 256 colors). In addition, XGA allows monitors to be non-interlaced.
Super Extended Graphics Array (SXGA) is a set of graphic standards designed to provide higher resolution than XGA. SXGA provides a resolution of 1280 x 1024 pixels, greater than XGAs 1024 x 768 pixels. Like XGA, SXGA can display more than 16 million colors and can support 65 thousand colors simultaneously.
Ultra Extended Graphics Array (UXGA) is a set of graphic standards designed to provide higher resolution than either XGA or SXGA. UXGA provides a resolution of 1600 x 1200 pixels. As with XGA and SXGA, UXGA can display more than 16 million colors and can support 65 thousand colors simultaneously.
Other unlisted, proprietary or specialized display resolution.
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Scaling refers to the reduction or enlargement of an image or video sequence by squeezing or stretching the entire image to a smaller or larger image resolution.
The strength or purity of a color. Saturation represents the amount of gray in proportion to the hue, measured as a percentage from 0% (gray) to 100% (fully saturated). The color information of a video signal comprises hue (phase angle) and saturation (amplitude).
The intensity of a color as determined on a scale from black (no brightness) to white (maximum brightness). The combination of brightness, hue, and saturation determines the appearance of the colors of a polychromatic image, whereas the brightness alone determines the appearance of a monochromatic image's color.
Other unlisted or proprietary types of image control.
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The device has a port used for remote control. This feature is important for system integration. The remote control can be an IR system, a serial (RS232) interface, or any other suitable type.
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